Tirzepatide (GLP2) is a first-in-class dual incretin receptor agonist that simultaneously activates the receptors for glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), two endogenous gut-derived hormones that play complementary roles in metabolic regulation. Through this combined mechanism, tirzepatide has demonstrated substantial clinical efficacy in the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, and more recently obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) associated with excess adiposity. Its therapeutic impact stems from the coordinated enhancement of insulinotropic, appetite-regulating, and energy-balance pathways mediated by the incretin system.