GHRP-6 (Growth Hormone–Releasing Peptide-6) is a synthetic hexapeptide belonging to the growth hormone secretagogue (GHS) class and is widely studied for its capacity to stimulate endogenous growth hormone (GH) release through dual actions on the pituitary somatotrophs and hypothalamic regulatory pathways. It functions as an agonist of the ghrelin receptor, also known as the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a), which mimics the activity of endogenous ghrelin. Upon receptor activation, GHRP-6 promotes pulsatile secretion of GH, thereby influencing downstream metabolic and anabolic processes. Beyond its GH-releasing properties, GHRP-6 has been shown in experimental models to significantly increase appetite via central activation of the hypothalamic hunger centers, a hallmark characteristic shared with natural ghrelin signaling. Additional research has explored GHRP-6 for its potential cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects, including possible attenuation of tissue injury in organs such as the heart, liver, and gastrointestinal tract, likely mediated through ghrelin-related pathways involving anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative signaling. Studies have also reported influences on sleep architecture, particularly through modulation of slow-wave sleep, which is closely linked to natural GH secretion. The physiological impact of GHRP-6 varies according to dose, frequency, and route of administration, reflecting the complexities of the GH–ghrelin axis and emphasizing the importance of context-specific interpretation of research findings. Ongoing investigations continue to refine understanding of its metabolic, endocrine, and neurophysiological roles.